Study on the Effects of Methyl Mercury

Study on the Effects of Methyl Mercury KOLIANDRIS Damianos EHS 519 Presentation Methyl mercury is positioned in the main ten gatherings of synthetic substances recorded as natural issue all around and is noteworthy related for general wellbeing issues8, 10. Distributed writing recommends that methyl mercury is suspected to have negative impacts mental health and the utilization of this compound pregnant lady may in the long run lead noteworthy neurological imperfections in newborns13. We will recognize the unfriendly impacts (assuming any) of methyl mercury by looking at major epidemiological and creature studies and utilizing the mean degrees of presentation, we will evaluate the degree of introduction of methyl mercury and work out the BMDL and RfD. Risk Identification We will examine Mercury. Mercury exists in various structures, either in components (or metals) as inorganic structure (word related presentation); and natural structure, for example, methyl mercury (dietary introduction) 1. Mercury, a characteristic component in water, soil and air, is considered by WHO as one of the best 10 gatherings of synthetic concoctions of significant general wellbeing concern1. Methyl Mercury basically focuses on the sensory system during its initial development1. That is the reason embryos and small kids are generally helpless against Methyl Mercury’s unfriendly wellbeing impacts. Methyl Mercury is oxidized in the cerebrum and causes incessant ailments 2,3,4,5. In particular, in the Faroe Islands, individuals expend whale meat at high rates. The populace was seen as profoundly debased and the analysts related europsychological deficiencies at 7 years old Developmental deferrals with the methylmercury exposures6. The Faroe Islands and New Zealand examines give proof of a negative relationship between methylmercury in fish devoured by pregnant ladies and the neurodevelopmental capacities of the kin at 4 years old and 6-7 years of age. Indeed, even in low centralizations of methylercury, the impacts are little yet at the same time there 6,8 The Seychelles study didn't distinguish any huge relationship between formative tests and methylmercury presentation. The examination estimated centralization of hair mercury in pregnant moms and afterward assessed the advancement capacities of youngsters at 6.5, 19, 29 and 66 months of age7. From the investigation there is no proof about the relationship of MeHg presentation and DDST-R where was appeared in pilot study7. The New Zealand study related presentation to Methyl mercury with mental advancement of youngsters at 4 years old and 6-7 years old8. The examination shoes a high presentation bunch comprised of 200 youngsters (mean introduction = 9î ¼g/g) at 6 years old to 7 years of age, lower mental capacities were seen instead of the Control bunch with lower presentation rates. In any case, JEFCA offered a few methodological conversation starters on this study1, 7. Introduction appraisal Different epidemiological investigations were led in which analysts assed the degree of presentation of the moms of the youngsters. Critical consideration is given in the examination in the Faroe Islands6, in Seychelles7 and in New Zealand8. The investigations we inspected 6,7,8 and the report for WHO1, recommend that the populace is fundamentally uncovered through fish utilization. Since methylmercury oxidizes in the mind during early advancement arranges, the unfriendly impacts are evident to hatchlings and small kids where intellectual abilities are for the most part influenced. The number of inhabitants in Faroe Islands isn't in excess of 50,000 individuals and the New Zealand is generally 4.5 million. It is clear that populace that lives in islands and fish utilization is profoundly watched, and afterward the introduction is of high rates. Run of the mill levels of fish utilization shift between 1î ¼g/g and 9î ¼g/g (Faroe) and at times higher (10îÅ"g/g in New Zealand). The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) discovered that a consistent state day by day ingestion of methylmercury of 1.5 ÃŽ ¼g/kg body weight/day would bring about the fixation in maternal blood estimation1. Table 1: GUIDANCE FOR IDENTIFYING POPULATIONS AT RISK FROM MERCURY EXPOSURE, August 2008, Issued by UNEP DTIE Chemicals Branch and WHO Department of Food Safety, Zoonoses and Foodborne Diseases Portion Response Analysis The populace in Faroe Islands was seen as exceptionally sullied of around 2 mg methyl mercury/kg6. The outcomes were likewise (measurably) noteworthy in any event, when they prohibited youngsters whose moms surpass 10 ÃŽ ¼g/g 6. This examination included numerous neuropsychological tests, for example, Finger Tapping, Hand-Eye Coordination, an Intelligence scale (Wechsler), Similarities, and Block Designs, Visual and verbal tests by Bender6. The 3 examinations (Faroe, N. Zealand and Seychelles) were utilized by the US EPA to infer a RfD of 0.11 ÃŽ ¼g/Kg kid weight every day for methyl mercury. The benchmark portion was inferred with a vulnerability factor of 10 and dependent on the 95% certainty levels of the 3 studies1. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives closed pregnant ladies presentation to methyl mercury neurotoxic impacts were the most delicate wellbeing result of the 3 examinations. Unique BMDLs of 17â€24mg/kg were delivered. By the by, a solitary perception in the New Zealand study (86î ¼g/Kg) appeared to blow up this BMDL, and when overlooked a BMDLs of 7.4â€10mg/kg was determined. Minor antagonistic impacts are normal when the edge of 0.056î ¼g/l isn't exceed1. This edge was gotten by separating a maternal hair-mercury centralization of 14mg/kg by the hair: blood proportion of 250. In people, the consistent state centralization of mercury in blood can be identified with normal day by day admission utilizing a one-compartment model that joins refinements to the first WHO recipe, as follows: [u1] Utilizing this condition, the Committee confirmed that a consistent state day by day ingestion of methyl mercury at 1.5 mg/kg of body weight every day would bring about a maternal blood-mercury focus that would have no considerable unfriendly impacts on posterity in these two examination populaces. Potential human changeability was considered by the use of modification or vulnerability factors, for example, â€Å"inter singular variety in pharmacokinetics† Hazard Characterisation Mercury, a characteristic component in water, soil and air, is considered by WHO as one of the main 10 gatherings of synthetic concoctions of significant general wellbeing concern1. Presentation to mercury †even modest quantities †causes significant medical issues, and is treated for the advancement of the kid in utero in early years. The examinations have demonstrated that individuals, who devour fish and shellfish, are bound to be presented to methylmercury1. References WHO. (2006). Presentation to Mercury: A significant general wellbeing concern. Forestalling Disease Through Healthy Environments, 4. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.12.007 Kanai, Y. et al (2003): Functional properties of multispecific amino corrosive transporters and their suggestions to transpoter-intervened harmfulness. Diary of Toxicological Sciences. 28 (1): 1-17 Kerper et al (1992), Methylmercury transport over the blood-mind hindrance by an amino corrosive transporter. American Journal of Physiology Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 262 (5): 761-765. Mottet et al, (1985), Health dangers from increments in methylmercury presentation, , Environ Health Perspect. Nov;63:133-40. Sakamoto et al (2004), Maternal and fetal mercury and n-3 polyunsaturated unsaturated fats as a hazard and advantage of fish utilization to embryo, Environ Sci Technol. Jul 15;38(14):3860-3. Grandjean et al (1997), Cognitive shortage in 7-year-old kids with pre-birth presentation to methylmercury, , Neurotoxicol Teratol. Nov-Dec;19(6):417-28. Myers, G. J., Davidson, P. W., Shamlaye, C. F., Axtell, C. D., Cernichiari, E., Choisy, O., †¦ Clarkson, T. W. (1997). Impacts of pre-birth methylmercury introduction from a high fish diet on formative achievements in the Seychelles Child Development Study. Neurotoxicology, 18(3), 819â€829. Kjellstrom at al (1986), Physical and mental improvement of youngsters with pre-birth presentation to mercury from fish. Stage 2:Interviews and mental tests at age 6. Report 3642, National Swedish Environmental Protection Board Castoldi, A. F., Onishchenko, N., Johansson, C., Coccini, T., Roda, E., Vahter, M., †¦ Manzo, L. (2008). Neurodevelopmental harmfulness of methylmercury: Laboratory creature information and their commitment to human hazard evaluation. Administrative Toxicology and Pharmacology, 51(2), 215â€229. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.03.005 Harsh, A. H., Smith, A. E. (2003). An evaluation of the rope blood: Maternal blood methylmercury proportion: Implications for hazard appraisal. Ecological Health Perspectives, 111(12), 1465â€1470. http://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.6187 Gilbert, S. G., Grant-Webster, K. S. (1995). Neurobehavioral impacts of formative methylmercury presentation. In Environmental Health Perspectives (Vol. 103, pp. 135â€142). http://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.95103s6135 Grandjean, P., Herz, K. T. (2011). Methylmercury and mental health: Imprecision and underestimation of formative neurotoxicity in people. Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, 78(1), 107â€118. http://doi.org/10.1002/msj.20228 UNEP DTIE Chemicals Branch, WHO Department of Food Safety, Z. furthermore, F. D. (2008). Direction FOR IDENTIFYING POPULATIONS AT RISK FROM MERCURY EXPOSURE. Introduction.

Starbucks †Going Global Fast

Starbucks †Going Global Fast Unique Starbucks, as different organizations, has kept on growing its worldwide tasks for upgraded business supportability. In actuality, the organization is going worldwide by entering new markets. Then again, there are different dangers that the organization is looking in universal markets. Along these lines, Starbucks has been compelled to manage different components in entering worldwide markets to improve its operations.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Starbucks †Going Global Fast explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Introduction Starbucks prides itself as the biggest café organization around the world. It was begun in Seattle as an espresso bean roaster and retailer (Starbucks, 2010, p. 8). From subsequently, the organization has been growing as time passes by to arrive at new markets. Ethically, the organization has in excess of 17,800 stores in 49 unique nations (Starbucks, 2010, p. 12). The greater part of these stores are situa ted in the United States of America. What's more, it has a huge scope of items to suit distinctive market needs and tastes. In a wide point of view, a large portion of its items are occasional. This implies they are explicit to a given area that the organization works a store. Starbucks has consistently had great development plans and in 2009 it had anticipated to open 900 stores outside the United States to improve its worldwide activities (Starbucks, 2010, p. 6). Starbucks worldwide development: Controllables It ought to be realized that the organization has managed significant controllable components in entering worldwide markets. The organization has had a major test of keeping up its own development (Starbucks, 2010, p. 21). In actuality, it doesn't have any obligation and has been financing its development programs with no issue. The organization has additionally been compelled to keep up a tight hold on its own picture. To manage this issue, it has guaranteed that a large por tion of its stores are organization claimed. This suggests there will be no establishments to hinder its activities in alternate points of view. Cost is another controllable component that the organization has needed to fight with. For example, Italian bars have thrived by offering clients different quisines. Starbucks has controlled its promoting and in this way spared a pack on its showcasing costs (Pendergrast, 2001, p. 8).Advertising Looking for paper on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As a self evident truth, it just burns through 1% of its incomes on promoting and this is viable and productive. A large portion of this is brought about on new item dispatches and new flavor drinks. When contrasted and different organizations that spend more than $ 300 million on publicizing, the organization burns through $30 million (Pendergrast, 2001, p. 13). The executives development strategies have been kept inside the compass of the company’s assets in growing to new markets (Starbucks, 2010, p. 24). This has made it feasible for the organization to plan and open another store in under about four months. Furthermore, it has additionally had the option to recover its interests in under three years. Development is another controllable component that the organization has persistently used furthering its potential benefit (Pendergrast, 2001, p. 32). For this situation, the organization has been exceptionally imaginative most definitely. This can be clarified from the way that it has introduced programmed coffee machines in excess of 800 areas in an offer to improve administration conveyance in new markets (Bryant, 2009, p. 11). A few years back, the organization started offering prepaid cards. This has improved its exercises in new worldwide markets. Innovation has been grasped at an inside level in the company’s worldwide extension procedure (Pendergrast, 2001, p. 12). For this situation, Web innovation has been remembered for its frameworks to expand administration conveyance. This implies clients can preorder and pre-pay for different baked goods and drinks. Starbucks worldwide extension: Relevant wild components The organization has needed to adapt to the capricious test of being refereed to as a develop organization (Starbucks, 2010, p. 6). This has been seen in the US however has spread to other outside business sectors. For this situation, the organization will persistently confront an antagonistic gathering from various future customers. The organization can not control the quantity of the young populace in various markets. This implies it needs to ceaselessly re-imagine itself for improved manageability. It has been widely associated with statistical surveying to know the necessities of various market sections (Bryant, 2009, p. 431).Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Starbucks †Going Global Fast explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More As the organization spreads out, it has confronted diverse social difficulties in particular markets. It ought to be realized that nations have differing social foundations. Culture characterizes the preferences and inclinations of various purchasers. Hence, the organization has been compelled to comprehend diverse social angles to reinforce its essence (Bryant, 2009, p. 65). It is very clear that a given product probably won't do well in new worldwide markets. For this situation, Starbucks has consistently upgraded its product offering to suit new market needs and inclinations. There is no organization that can control the pace of mechanical headways. Innovation has kept on spreading exceptionally quick as time passes by (Pendergrast, 2001, p. 32). For upgraded tasks, the organization should stay up with different progressions for an improvement in its activities. To stay significant, Starbucks has consistently grasped innovation and fused it in its tasks according to the requests of a given new market. Such headways have been found in the advancement of a prepaid card for clients (David, 2007, p. 7). Rivalry has been expanding in various markets like Japan. This opposition has been escalated as clients request new encounters. Along these lines, the organization should adapt up to rivalry as it isn't in any way to control it. For instance, it has reliably built up a wide new menu in Japan to stay serious. This has seen it increment its stores to 700 (David, 2007, p. 13). To keep off rivalry, it has likewise evolved occasional items to suit the necessities of the market at that specific time (Bryant, 2009, p. 25). Starbucks has additionally needed to battle with different political and lawful ties. A model is France’s arcane guidelines and work benefits. Significant wellsprings of dangers confronting Starbucks in its universal markets One of the significant dangers that the organization has confronted is a soaked mar ket. In spite of the fact that this has been seen in residential markets like US and Canada, its belongings have been felt in new and worldwide markets. As much as it has in excess of 17,800 stores in 49 unique nations, the organization considers this as a maximum constraint of coffeehouse immersion (Starbucks, 2010, p. 15).Advertising Searching for paper on business financial matters? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More For example, immersion has likewise been seen in Japan where the impact of new shops has gradually worn off. To check this danger, the organization has ceaselessly remodeled its stores and improved its administrations to stay key in the market (Bryant, 2009, p. 35). Another wellspring of hazard is loosing clients. This is on the grounds that the organization offers not many choices to various buyers. As a mater of reality, it has been bringing in its lead items to new markets. As much as business sectors might be connected, the organization needs to create items dependent on various tastes and inclinations. This will shield it from losing clients who need new encounters (Bryant, 2009, p. 63). The Generation X doesn't feel great with Starbucks stores and this is an exceptionally enormous wellspring of business chance in worldwide markets. For this situation, the organization may wind up confronting a threatening gathering from its future clients. In actuality, they will be dismissed b y the force and picture of the company’s notable brand. To take care of this issue, the organization ought to constantly overhaul its image to make it additionally engaging the young market (Michelli, 2006, p. 17). Worldwide development represents a major hazard to the company’s global markets. This is on the grounds that it gets less cash-flow from its abroad endeavors. Such abroad endeavors are worked in organization with nearby organizations. For this situation, the organization should concentrate on a decent key union that will build its productivity. For example, it can grasp coalitions in the procurement of properties rather than associations (Michelli, 2006, p. 19). Incredible deterrents will likewise be seen in SRC and Ethnocentrism with neighborhood accomplices. To unravel this, the organization can fend off SRC and Ethnocentrism from its dynamic. There is another danger of worker disturbance. For this situation, there is a discernment that a large portion of the company’s representatives are disappointed with their compensation. Starbucks ought to in this manner center around better approaches for diminishing worker interruption to upgrade administration conveyance in its stores (Michelli, 2006, p. 39). Evaluate Starbucks by and large corporate system The organization has been making different loses in view of an obvious befuddle between its client desires and corporate methodology. In spite of the fact that the organization rules the USA showcase, there are different states that don’t have a solitary Starbuck store (Starbucks, 2010, p. 25). This implies it has not focused overall market. The organization accepts that it can make numerous deals by expanding its stores once in a while. By expanding its stores in household and global markets step by step, the organization has neglected to concentrate on its key crucial fulfilling client needs (Warner, 2004, p. 11). It ought to be realized that the organization c

Markteing Consultancy Report part 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Markteing Consultancy Report section 3 - Essay Example duction of iPhone, they changed the manner in which individuals saw advanced mobile phones †telephones that abuse the advantages of what the Internet can offer with their simple to utilize web applications. The AppStores for iPhone items has made another market for programming developers, from office applications to current games and video virtual products. With the end goal for iPhone to expand its market measure and improve their benefit, this paper will concentrate on suggestions of advertising programs that the organization would require. The paper is fixated on the Lauterborn’s 4C’s of advertising rather than the customary McCarthy’s 4P’s. The customary showcasing programs are focused on item, valuing, limited time and spot methodologies. With Lauterborn’s 4C’s, the advertising projects will be inspired by customers, costs, accommodation and correspondence. Disregard item. Apple must concentrate on shopper needs and needs. In today’s exceptionally associated world, an organization can't sell whatever they can make any more. An effective organization can just sell what a client explicitly needs to purchase. Apple must need to bait every client individually and offer something specifically that every client needs. Cell phones, these days, are viewed as a design thing as opposed to an utilitarian gadget. The greater part of the present cell phones in the market offer comparable highlights and functionalities. Apple can improve their piece of the overall industry by making iPhone accessible in various scope of hues and highlights. Every client must have an alternative to redo the physical style of the telephone so as to suit their character and temperament. A tweaked cell phone would give the client a sentiment of proprietorship and uniqueness. A few structures of phone’s front and back spreads ought to be made accessible in showcase so as to bait them to redo their own iPhone. Additionally, it is suggested that the organization would make a set-up of Internet based administrations that conveys email, contacts and schedules that can be connected

College Essay Samples - A Personal Way to Write a Brilliant Essay

College Essay Samples - A Personal Way to Write a Brilliant EssayJust because a college essay sample is posted online, does not mean that the writing you do in it will not be a reflection of your individual personality. Many different qualities come into play when it comes to writing college essays and therefore, these should not be underestimated.No matter what school you are attending, you will find many different things to write about. Depending on where you go to school, there are courses that revolve around the topics of English literature, American history, social studies, art, etc. The things that you should think about when writing your college essay are the personalities that you have, the things that you care about, the people that surround you, etc.Writing your own essay does not mean that you need to become a totally different person or style. In fact, there are certain personality traits that will shine through the most in the writing of your essay.When writing your coll ege essay samples, keep in mind what kind of personalities you have and how you would like to express yourself in a way that will appeal to the other people that you will be writing about. For example, if you are into reading and writing books and articles, you will probably want to avoid things like jazz music, chemistry, sports, pop culture, and science fiction. These things will most likely bore your audience, and they may not find your essay interesting at all.Instead, think about what kinds of personality traits that you already have. If you like history, write about times when you were active in events that took place during that time period. This can really reflect on your past and give you a chance to look back and see how you have changed as a person and a writer.Being able to write on topics that you know well, is also a good trait to have. This can make your college essay samples more personal. Consider writing about your favorite hobby, or something that you feel that yo u are good at.Writing a college essay is easy once you know the things that you are going to focus on, and how much you are going to be analyzing. Use these tips to be sure that you are a good writer and remember that no matter where you are going to school, the topics you choose should always be personal.

Noise Distraction

Are you distracted by noise? Some students struggle to pay attention in class and other study areas because small background noises interfere with their concentration. Background noise does not affect all students in the same way. There are a few factors that may determine whether noise distraction is a problem for you. Noise Distraction and Learning Styles Three of the most commonly recognized learning styles are visual learning, tactile learning, and auditory learning. It is important to discover your own prominent learning style to determine how to study most effectively, but its also important to know your learning style in order to recognize potential problems. Studies have shown that auditory learners are most distracted by background noise. But how will you know if you are an auditory learner? Auditory learners often: Talk to themselves while reading or studyingMove their lips while readingAre better at speaking than writingSpell better out loudHave difficulty visualizing thingsCant follow conversations when the TV is onCan mimic songs and tunes well If you feel that these traits describe your personality, you may need to pay special attention to your study habits and the location of your study space. Noise Distraction and Personality Type Two personality types that you may recognize are introversion and extraversion. It is important to know that these types have nothing to do with ability or intelligence; these terms merely describe the way that different people function. Some students are deep thinkers who tend to talk less than others. These are common traits of introverted students. One study has shown that noise distraction can be more harmful to introverted students than to extroverted students when it comes to study time. Introverted students can experience more difficulty understanding what they are reading in a noisy environment. Introverts typically: Like to work independentlyAre confident about their own opinionsThink deeply about thingsReflect and analyze more before acting on somethingCan focus on one thing for a long timeEnjoy readingAre happy in their own little worldHave a few deep friendships If these traits sound familiar to you, you may want to read more about introversion. You may discover that you need to adjust your study habits to cut down on the potential for noise distraction. Avoiding Noise Distraction Sometimes we dont realize how much background noise can affect our performance. If you suspect that noise interference is affecting your grades, you should consider the following recommendations. Turn off the mp3 and other music when you study: You may love your music, but its not good for you when youre reading.Stay away from the TV when doing homework: Television shows contain plots and conversations that can trick your brain into distraction when you dont even realize it! If your family watches TV at one end of the house during homework time, try to move to the other end.Buy earplugs: Small, expanding foam earplugs are available at large retail stores and auto stores. Theyre great for blocking out the noise.Consider investing in some noise-blocking earphones: This is a more expensive solution, but it might make a big difference in your homework performance if you have a serious problem with noise distraction. For more information you may consider: The Effects of Noise Distraction on SAT Scores, by Janice M. Chatto and Laura ODonnell. Ergonomics, Volume 45, Number 3, 2002,pp. 203-217.

Essay on Analysis of Edgar Allen Poe in The Masque of the...

Edgar Allen Poe’s, â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†, is about a man named Prince Prospero and his attempts to avoid a dangerous plague. The plague is known as the Red Death. He plans to avoid the plague by hiding out in his abbey, along with other revelers during a masquerade ball in the seven rooms in the abbey. Through the locked gates, the mysterious figure finds its way into the party and causes death to all of the masqueraders. This story is often analyzed as an allegory about the inevitability of death. Poe has one of the most unique writing styles of all authors. His best known fiction works are Gothic, a category in which â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† falls under. He establishes recurring themes, physical signs and appearances,†¦show more content†¦This is a large sentence that shows just how much detail Poe puts into his work. He uses a lot of descriptive words, even if the sentence or phrase is short. It is clear to see that one adjectiv e is not enough to describe just how the pendulum swing is. Going back to how Poe’s best writings are those of the Gothic writing style, he introduces and holds a somber tone throughout this whole story. From the beginning to the end, and even in the title, the tone is grave. He never quite gives the reader a chance to get away from the sense that a threat is on the brink. â€Å"The Red Death had long devastated the country. No pestilence has ever been so fatal, or so hideous. Blood was its Avatar and its seal – the redness and the horror of blood† (337). It’s like the whole story was written to be read aloud by a slow speaking man with a deep voice. The title even gives a sense of somber, coldness, and death. When one thinks about the name, it could be inferred that the story is about a mask that when put on, all you see is red and it ultimately leads to death. Poe may haveShow MoreRelatedAvoiding Reality: â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† Analysis858 Words   |  4 PagesBrandon DeLeon McCloud English 2H November 4, 2013 Avoiding Reality: â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† Analysis Throughout the gothic horror short story, â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†, Edgar Allan Poe illustrates the struggle of an egotistical prince who refuses to face the inevitable reality of death. Through the downfall of the protagonist, Poe establishes the idea that the inability to face reality often leads to the destruction of the mind. The downfall of the Prince is emphasized by Poe’sRead More The Understated Narrator of The Masque of the Red Death Essay2052 Words   |  9 PagesThe Understated Narrator of The Masque of the Red Death      Ã‚  Ã‚   While the narrator of Edgar Allan Poes The Masque of the Red Death never appears in a scene, he is always on the scene. He reveals himself overtly only three times, and even then only as one who tells:    But first let me tell of the rooms in which [the masquerade] was held. (485)    And the music ceased, as I have told . . . (488)    In an assembly of phantasms such as I have painted . . . Read More Juxtaposing the Most Similar Contradiction in Edgar Allan Poes Work2077 Words   |  9 PagesThroughout all of Edgar Allan Poes works are common ideas that oppose each such as madness versus sanity, reality versus the imagined reality and life versus death. Usually these sentiments are taken as contrasting ideas with little similarities to each other, like black and white. However, many of these motifs are situated in the grey category. Poe uses the communal thought pathway to highlight its antithesis; the pathway of grey. With the new pathway, he emphasizes the similarities of the opposingRead MoreLife and Talent of Edgar Allan Poe906 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allen Poe was bone in Boston on January 19 1809 to David and Elizabeth Poe. He lost his parents at the age of two years and had to be adopted by John Allan and his wife Frances Valentine Allan. John Allan was a very wealthy man but he only gave Edgar a third of his school requirements and this alienated him from Edgar. When Allan’s wife dies Edgar also decides to move out because he could not put up with John Allan. Edgar loved poetry from a tender age. He even wrote verses to girls that heRead MoreThe Masque of the Red Death2065 Words   |  9 Pagesout .’Any excuse will serve a tyrant.’ I chose THE MASQUE OF THE RED DEATH by Edgar Allen Poe as my short story. The theme that I selected from that story is Mortality. Thesis Statement on Mortality: Even though fear of the unknown is scary, should mortality actually be something we fear? Death effects everyone the same. It ends life for all equally and death is life’s only certainty. Some of the literary elements Edgar Allen Poe uses in this story include symbolism, imagery, and allegoryRead MoreMy Psychoanalytic Views of Two Short Stories1454 Words   |  6 Pagesthe tradition of psychoanalysis begun by Sigmund Freud. Psychoanalytic literary criticism is a very common method of analyzing stories such as The White Heron by Sarah Orne Jewett, Young Goodman Brown by Nathaniel Hawthorne and The Masque of the Red Death by Edgar Allen Poe. Sylvia, a shy girl, who is rather naive and innocent. For most of her life has been sheltered from the atrocities of life. Being shielded from the outside world she hasn’t come to the conclusion that people can be bad. HoweverRead MoreEdgar Allen Poe: His Life and His Work1764 Words   |  8 Pageshearts pumping and endorphins rushing, for it is an emotion that reminds us of our mortality. How ironic it is to experience more life in our fascination with death. br brEdgar Allen Poe was a master of his craft, gifted with the talent of introducing each reader to his or her own subconscious fears. As the first writer to initiate horror, death and mystery into literature and poetry, he is blessed- or perhaps cursed- with an imagination that set higher standards in the field of writing. However morbidRead MoreCommon Themes of Edgar Allan Poe3152 Words   |  13 PagesAn Analysis of the Common Themes Found in selected works of Edgar Allan Poe A Research Presented to The faculty of the English Department In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in English IV By March 2010 Acknowledgement The researcher would like to thank the following people who help and give guidance to make this project To the Project adviser and the home room adviser of the researchers, who gave his outmost patience and time to check the drafts and format of eachRead MoreCommon Themes of Edgar Allan Poe3166 Words   |  13 PagesAn Analysis of the Common Themes Found in selected works of Edgar Allan Poe A Research Presented to The faculty of the English Department In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in English IV By March 2010 Acknowledgement The researcher would like to thank the following people who help and give guidance to make this project To the Project adviser and the home room adviser of the researchers, who gave his outmost patience and time to check the drafts and format of each part of this very

My Misconceptions Overridden free essay sample

Today is Thursday. It’s 9:23 pm and I have just finished studying my black covered Bible; the one my very religious mother gave to me before coming to America. She had put my sister and me in the habit of reading it every night before going to bed, and we did that since we were in primary school. I personally developed the habit of reflecting what I had read from it on the things I did during the day. Maybe the most significant ones, or rather, one. What I, by chance, get to read today is Luke 6 vs 37, â€Å"Do not judge, and you will not be judged. Do not condemn, and you will not be condemned †¦ † (NIV Bible). After reading, I will normally leave the book open and turn to the other side to do some deep thinking. But this time, I am easily pricked by what I have read. I get into my head to think almost too abruptly and remember an event which happened four weeks ago. I stiffen my body and refuse to move even an inch as if moving will bring a shower of blames on me. I am contented with the remorse I feel by myself. Earlier on that day, I was walking lethargic to my next lecture after being greatly influenced by boredom from the previous one. The soft song-like bell rang, although it signaled that my next lecture had already begun, I first castigated it for being too alarming to me at that moment before giving it the accolade it deserved . I knew I needed to run but I said within me, â€Å"I pray the instructor also comes late.† Of course, my prayer failed me. I could hear some people giggle aloud from the passageway where I was. I met the female math instructor standing at the front of the class, behind the table, just opposite the board. Her name is Mrs. Alvina. She is quite funny. She always introduces a comic relief into her lectures and it works. She is very aware that some people find her course very uninteresting; not because she is its instructor, but because they rarely understand it. But good for her. She has figured her own way of making her math lecture less tense, more inte resting, and comprehensible. I remember I have once waited after a lecture to help her erase the board just because the lecture was interesting – not because I understood. As I walked to one of the seats that were merged to about nine others, I tried to avoid the eyes of the students that were ready to castigate me with looks for coming 180 seconds late to class. My head directed my eyes to the right corner of the whiteboard which was already browning from overuse and I saw the date. Coupled with the remorse those eyes made me feel, I lost my consciousness for two seconds, some kind of fear pushed my chest forward, and I almost tripped. Today is the last day of lecture before our exam! I sat down without looking at the soft padded chair, generating a noise with my sitting as if I was the first person to get to class. I catch a considerable amount of eyes whose ears were close enough to hear me breath deep from anxiety. The class was extra silent today. So unusual. At least some people will usually raise a voice of contribution to what the instructor was saying. ‘Well then’, I was not the only one anxious and that was a bit relieving. She had not gone deep into the lecture and so it was easy to catch up. As I listened, I noticed something about myself – the ends of my lips were widening in an angle that connotes a smile, and I adjusted my sitting position to one of confidence. Most of the things she was explaining, in fact, every one of them looked too familiar to me. They were all from the math textbook itself. I was so happy and impressed about my knowledge that I could not stop myself from smiling when I tried to. (I have taken my math seriously this semester. I have sometimes burned the candle just to have a full understanding of the topic treated in class. I have privately met my instructor when any of the math problems gives me a problem. Whenever my instructor was not in seat or when the explanation given by her was not lucid enough, I have taken my time to walk around in the math department, marching from one office to another, from a math graduate student to a math instructor in search of anyone f ree enough to explain a strange or difficult question. I have been studying. Maybe hard if my high school science teacher will ever agree to acknowledge it as one.) I smiled all through the class. I’m not too sure if I really did, but at least, I can’t remember myself retracting my lips after I started smiling. The class ended and we were left to our fate regards the exam. Everyone scattered all about the door trying to leave while I bent down to pick my black leather bag which already has a lot of stress-lines from careless use. As I zipped up my bag, I took a little while to remember how much I had pleaded to convince my mum to buy me a new bag two months ago. Well, it’s never too late to start doing things better. I lifted up my bag with much more care than I had ever done and as I turned to leave. Then I met a fresh, brownish yellow face with very dark curly hair and small eyes looking at me from its fairly larger dark green glass, right about two to three inches from my face. We steered at each other for a stretch of 10 seconds I with abrupt surprise and he with no body language I could interpret until a passerby hel ped us break the silence with his throat clearing. â€Å"Hi, bro.† He said. â€Å"Hi.† I repeated while still looking at him, expecting him to say something else. â€Å"I †¦ uh †¦ need you to explain this course to me. I don’t understand it.† he said. I widened my eye in genuine shock, like every enlightened child would do if they get to learn that Albeit Einstein was never a genius. This request was the last thing I expected from a male Asian who wore glasses. It was contrary to what I had always known about Asians – Asian plus Math, tangible! I was totally engulfed in my conception towards them and was not yet ready to accept that what I believed was wrong. Although I had a very clueless idea of what actually made me have that misconception, I was sure I could put the blame on the educational society. But still, since according to an African-American prolific writer Chimamanda Edichie’s assertion during a Ted-Talk show: â€Å"stereotypes are true but incomplete stories† stereotypes cannot be attached to a particular group if the group doesn’t show a trait of it, I believe that the educational society is somewhat right. In an online discussion regarding the topic â€Å"Why Asians are better than Americans at math†, there was an anonymous but factual and now well-known response which expressed that Asian students are not allowed to use calculators until university level. (Studentrnd.org). A student who has done all his or her mathematical operations by head for a span of 12 years (in preparatory and high school) will in no doubt be very strong at math, and this is enough to stereotype that every Asian student is smart. â€Å"Uhm †¦ â€Å"I’m not that good in math† I replied. â€Å"But I saw you smiling with confidence during the lecture. I think you understand it somehow. You know what, please, just explain to me what you know, I’ll manage it.† He now looked too desperate to be ignored as he spoke. I could not but say â€Å"Okay.† He showed more readiness than I did by asking if we could relocate to another classroom for the tutoring. As I walked beside him the towards the adjoining classroom in confusion, doubt, and surprise, the serenity and absence of bright light in the passageway ushered me into an autumned forest of deep thought where I sadly sat under the shade of a tree and I began to think of every possibility I could imagine. Does he actually want to use me to assess his math proficiency? Does he want to disgrace my knowledge and prove that it’s not worth smiling for? After this flow of thoughts, I consequently remembered that I belong to a group that has a negative educational stereotype. As contrary to the case of Asians, the educational society believes that African students generally have poor educational performance. This even made the situation less easy to think about without falling into confusion. The fact that he, an Asian, came to meet me, an African, now looked very senseless to me. I did what I could do in explaining what I understood to him and he really showed how much enlightened he was. He said a lot of thank you’s and was about to leave. During the tutoring, nothing suspicious happened, and that really meant a lot to me. I welcomed his thanks and asked him to wait. I then threw the question at him: Is it true that all Asians are very proficient at math? He sighed and said â€Å"that’s what people erroneously think about us, but really, it has nothing to do with genetics. The point is that most Asian parents push their children to do better than what they (the parents) have achieved back in their countries.† He then told me that he could not wait any longer as he was already late for work, and left. â€Å"Ohh, I even forgot to ask for his name. Too bad!† But he was surely my newest friend. The main question is: why is it that so many Asians in North America do so well in Math and other Engineering courses? According to Arthur Hu, an Asian author of an article titled â€Å"why does everybody think Asians are better at Math†, Asians who get the chance to come from their countries to the Northern part of America are the very educated ones. (par. 12). This means that if a population check regarding intellects is carried out in Asian countries, the result would show a variance of dumb, average, and smart population mix, and this result will definitely be consistent in every other country. This also agreeing with what my new friend told me, these smart parents who got the chance to migrate to North America will definitely want their children to be terrifically smart and will therefore not give their children breathing space from studies. Now reflecting from the parent factor, what happens to students who don’t study anymore, students who no longer have their parents by their sides to mandate them to study after they have been sent abroad to study? May we say that how much they have studied in the past will help change their grades in the present? Surely not. Since Asian parents have always forced their children to study, studying to those children has become a habit. But unfortunately, every habit can be lost through prolonged refrain, so, some of these children tend to lose the habit of studying hard when their parents are far from them. Similarly, not everyone was created to be educationally oriented. Some people happen to be Asian students who are naturally not mathematically or scientifically oriented, but prefer to be athletic or rather artistic. Do we force them to be ‘strong’ at math just because we want our stereotype concerning the group they belong to stand? The door knob cranks open and my roommate walks in and meets me lying on the rug. He pretends he doesn’t know I am awake and kicks me softly trying to be funny while I giggle out loud as an encouragement for him to feel good about his sense of humor. Still smiling rather uncontrollably, he crosses over and walks to his bed, leaving me to continue in my thought. Oh, oh †¦ I now understand this and can reflect it to myself: I have been studying my math and it has become familiar to me. He, although an Asian, probably has not been serious with the course and is now not confident in it. â€Å"Good, nice, good† I say with the voice of my mind while nodding my head softly. Although your father and grandfather hail from a particular race, your academic success depends solely on how serious, determined, and ready you are to excel. If you study, you ace. If you don’t, you fail!

Sudeep Annem Essays (364 words) - Christianity, Literature

Sudeep Annem Mrs. Burch AP English Literature 11 September 2017 Visual Essay Statement I examined the impact of the dark theme of death which reflected the atmosphere of the medieval times. In an era rampant with disease and misfortune, many works of poetry reflected the gloomy atmosphere surrounding their poets. The poems that asserted the dominance of death in medieval literature were Death be Not Proud written by John Donne, Hell before Purgatory located in the Worcester Manuscript, and Pearl by an unknown official writer. These three poems provided varying point of views of the impactful writers in medieval times. The first poem describes one attitude that many adapted towards death during this time. Since death was occurring so frequently those like John Donne sought to justify death and discuss its weakness. He states that death has no power over humans as they can live eternally after they pass away. Also, since the body remains after death Donne argues that the only thing that truly perishes is death itself. The second poem has a more gruesome outlook on the effects of death. It talks about how the fires of purgatory are inescapable regardless of how many merits are accumulated over the course of a lifetime. The final poem discusses how death is a dreamlike state, but it is sacred. No mortals may trespass on the celestial affairs of the afterlife. A man goes looking for his pearl and angers the heavens resulting in divine punishment. All of the aspects of death led to the selection of visuals I ma de in my collage. The choice of a scythe represented the power that death held over humans in medieval times and within the scythe was an array of unique medieval paintings and pieces of art which expressed the fleetingness and inevitability of death. In addition, I incorporated images that suggested the impact of religion and the current state of world affairs (namely the Black Plague) had on the interpretation of death in medieval art and literature. The theme of death defined the culture of Medieval times and the many representations and beliefs surrounding death located in literature helped show the modern people the harsh life that awaited those in that time.

Microeconomics Research Paper Example

Microeconomics Research Paper Example Microeconomics Paper Microeconomics Paper Looks at how individual economic agents (I. E. Consumers/ households and producers/firms) make their day-to-day decisions. Macroeconomics: Looks at the overall behavior of the entire economy of a country. So in addition to households and firms, it also looks at the government and frequently at the rest of the world. The four target variables that all macroeconomicss are concerned about are: (1) Gross Domestic Product (GAP): This looks at how much goods and services are being produced in the country (or how much is everyones income taken together). They try o maximize this. (2) Unemployment: This has to do with how many people have Jobs and how many dont. They try to minimize this. (3) Inflation: This looks at how the prices of goods and services are changing. They try to Meltzer this. (4) Economic Growth: This looks at the rate at which GAP Is going up or down. They try to maximize this. Gross Domestic Product (GAP) Goods: Tangible things firms produce and consumers buy. An example is a Philly cheese steak. Services: Intangible castles firms provide and consumers buy. An example Is a haircut. Definition of GAP: It is the value of new final goods and services intended for the racetrack produced within a country in a given period of time. (Note: We will concentrate only on gross domestic product in this class. The book also talks about the related concepts of gross national product, net national product, national income, personal Income, etc. You do not need to study them. ) Keynoters in the definition: Value: This refers to the market price. New: Only newly produced goods and services are counted as part of the GAP. So if you buy a second hand 2010 Toyota Campy, then that will not be counted as a part of the GAP for the year 2014. The reason is that this car had already been counted once n the GAP for the year 2010 and to count your purchase again would be counting It twice. In other words, the good Is being sold twice, but It was produced only once. Final: A final good is intended for consumption in the form it is in, whereas an intermediate good is a good that is often used to make other goods. Intermediate goods should not be confused with capital, which is a good that is manufactured for the sole purpose of making other goods. For example, If you buy an ice cream shake, then the Ice cream Is an intermediate $2, the milk and the chocolate sauce is worth $1, the labor is worth $0. 0 and the shop wants to keep a profit margin of $0. 50, then the price of the milkshake to the consumer is $4. So when you buy the milkshake, which is a final good as it is consumed in that form, the GAP goes up by $4. But if we had also counted intermediate goods, then we would also have counted the $2 worth of ice cream and the GAP would have gone up by $6, which would again have lead to double counting. What if you dont purchase an ice cream shake but purchase two scoops of ice cream instead? Then ice cream would be a final good as you are consuming it in that form. Intended for the Marketplace: We only count as part of the GAP goods and services that are produced for the market. So we will not count home production, because when you prepare dinner for yourself in the kitchen then you dont go to the market to sell it. But if you are a gourmet cook and start a take-out business from your home, then your cooking will be counted as a service in the GAP as you are selling your culinary skills to others. We will also not count illegal transactions as part of the GAP as when we talk about markets we dont mean black markets. So money spent on buying pot in Old Town East in Columbus ill not be a part of the U. S. GAP. Even if someone buys recreational marijuana in Colorado or medical marijuana in California (both of which are legal at the state level), the transactions will not be a part of the U. S. GAP as they are not legal at the federal level. Within a Country: The good or service has to be produced within the geographical boundaries of the country. Hence exports will be a part of your countrys GAP whereas imports will be a part of the other countrys GAP. In a Given Period of Time: This is usually a quarter or a year. We only count the good ND services that were produced in that quarter or year, as those produced in other periods will be counted as part of the production in those respective periods. Stock: A stock is a variable whose quantity is measured at a particular point in time. For example, capital is a stock, and so is wealth. Flow: A flow is a variable whose quantity is measured per unit of time. For example, investment is a flow, and so is GAP. A few other flow variables are consumption, government purchases and net exports. Measuring National Income / GAP There are three ways of measuring the GAP of a country. All three methods give us the same final result. (1) Expenditure Approach: GAP is the sum of the total amount spent on new goods and services in an economy over a period of time. GAP = Consumption + Investment + Government Purchases + Net Exports Therefore GAP consists of four components. Net Exports: Net Exports = Exports Imports. So if Chevrolet sells an Impala worth $25,000 to a Mexican living in Cacao, then the transaction is going to raise U. S. Net exports by $25,000 and reduce Mexican net exports by $25,000. (2) Income Approach: GAP is the sum of the total income paid to economic agents in GAP = compensation of employees (wages, salaries, perks) + rent + interest + profit + indirect taxes (why not direct taxes too? ) + depreciation (3) Value-added Approach: Well look at this with the help of an example. (a) Suppose cotton is harvested in Alabama. The bale of cotton is priced at $2. This means that there has been a value added of $2 into the cotton by the seeds, fertilizer, pesticides, (b) A factory in Los Angles purchases that bale of cotton and manufactures cloth with it. The cloth is priced at $6. This means that there has been a value added of $4 n this round by the machinery used, the electricity consumed, the labor used and the profit margin retained by the factory owner from the sale of the cloth. (c) An American Apparel plant in Los Angles then purchases that cloth and manufactures a shirt with it. The shirt is priced at $24. This means that there has been a value added of $18 in this round, once again by the machinery, buttons and threads, labor, profit margin, etc. So the total value-added in the three rounds put together is $(2 + 4 + 18) = $24. So the value-added in the production of one American Apparel shirt is $24. Multiplying this y the total number of American Apparel shirts produced in the U. S. And repeating this exercise for every other good and service produced, the total number that we get the GAP. In the absence of statistical errors, the three methods should give us the same answer. In reality, no country uses the value added method as it is extremely cumbersome. Unemployment Determining a persons status in the labor market: Working Age Population In the Labor Force Employed Not in the Labor Force Unemployed Working Age Population: The number of people 16 and over who are not in Jail, hospital, or some other form of institutional care. Labor Force: Labor force is composed of people who are employed and people who are unemployed. Employed: These are the people who have either a full-time Job or a part-time Job. Unemployed: These are the people who are: and one of the following: (IA) are without work but have made specific efforts to find a Job within the previous four weeks (bib) are waiting to be called back to a Job from which he or she has been laid off. (ICC) are waiting to start a new Job within the next 30 days. Not in the Labor Force: These are the people who dont satisfy the criteria for either employed or unemployed. Examples are stay-at-home parents, retired people, college students and discouraged workers (I. E. Unemployed people who gave up looking for a new Job at least four weeks ago). Labor Market Indicators: We use three main indicators to measure the health of the labor market: (1) Unemployment Rate: Percentage of people who are in the labor force who are unemployed. This tells us how many people want Jobs but cant find one. OUR = (No. Of Unemployed / Labor Force)*100 (2) Labor Force Participation Rate: Percentage of working age population who are members of the labor force. This tells us how many people of working age are willing to take a Job. LEAF = (Labor Force / Working Age Population)*100 (3) Employment-to-population Ratio: Percentage of working age people who have Jobs. This tells us about the availability of Jobs and how well Jobs are matching the peoples skill sets. DEPT = (No. Of Employed / Working Age Population)*100 For the U. S. , according to the 2011 census, the civilian non-institutional population 16 and older was 239,618,000, the labor force was 1 and the number of employed was 139,869,000. Hence the number of unemployed was 13,747,000 and he population that was not in the labor force was 86,001 ,OHO. The unemployment rate would then be 8. 95%, the labor force participation rate 64. 11% and the employment-to-population ratio 58. 7%. Inflation Price level is the average price for all goods and services in the economy. Inflation is an increase in the price level. What if we dont have inflation? We can then have two other possible situations: (1) Deflation: This is the case when prices are falling. (2) Disinflation: This is the case where there is no movement in the price level. Measuring the price level and the inflation rate: Inflation is measured by calculating the percentage change in the price level. Hence, in order to measure inflation, we need to be able to measure the price level. The three most common ways of measuring the price level are: (1) Consumer price index (ICP) or Cost of living index: This measures the change in prices of goods used by consumers. In order to construct the ICP, the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics monitors the spending habits of consumers over a certain time period (which is currently 1993-1995) and prepares a basket of the goods consumers commonly buy. It chooses basket in that period. It then adds up the individual prices of all these goods to get the total price of the basket in the base period. Let us suppose that the base period price of the basket comes out to be $210. Next they find the prices of all goods contained in the basket in the current period (say January 2014). Adding up, suppose the current period price of the basket comes out to be $250. Price of the basket in the current period occupancy 2014 the base period 250 = _ * 100 210 = 119. * 100 Price of the basket in How do we calculate the inflation rate from this? The inflation rate is simply the argental change in the price level. occupancy 2014= 119 suppose ICP January 2013 = 109. occupancy 2014 occupancy 2013 Inflation rate = 119-109 * 100 109 * 100 ICP January 2013 ICP for the base period is equal to 100 by definition. Recently the government has switched from using the ICP-W (ICP for urban wage earners and clerical workers) to the C-ICP-U (chained ICP for all urban consumers). The C-ICP-U takes substitution effects into account (for example, if the price of pork goes up then pork is now more expensive but consumers might switch to less pork and more beef to keep their expenditure on meat at around the same level); ICP-W does not. As a result, C-ICP-U increases more slowly than ICP-W (0. 3% less per year according to the COB). This saves the government money as it slows cost of living adjustments given to social security payments. 2) Producer price index (PIP): This measures the change in the prices of goods used by producers. The PIP leads the ICP. The PIP measure price change from the perspective of the seller. This contrasts with other measures, such as the Consumer Price Index (ICP), that measure price change from the purchasers perspective. Sellers and purchasers prices may differ due to gover nment subsidies, sales and excise taxes, and distribution costs. Pips measure average changes in prices received by domestic producers of commodities in all stages of processing (I. E. For both intermediate and final goods). Because producer price indexes are designed to measure only the change in prices received for the output of domestic industries, imports are not included. The U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys and releases approximately 10,000 Pips for individual products and groups of products each month. Pips are available for the products of virtually every industry in the mining and manufacturing products of industries in the transportation, utilities, trade, finance, and services sectors of the economy. The PIP and the inflation rate based on it are calculated in exactly the same way as with the ICP. 3) GAP deflator: This is the third way of measuring the price level. Distinction between nominal and real variables: Nominal means that the variable has not been adjusted for inflation. Real means that the variable has been adjusted for inflation. Whenever we need to meaningfully compare between two time periods, we need to invert the variables into real terms. Otherwise we will end up with erroneous results. To see why, consider the following example. Let us consider an economy that only produces books. In 2012 it produced 10 books, while in 2013 it produced 12 books. Hence book production grew by: 12 10 10 Now lets bring prices into the picture. Suppose the price of a book in 2012 was $5 and it increased to $7 in 2013. Hence the nominal GAP in 2012 was = $50 and the nominal GAP in 2013 was = $84. Hence the growth rate of nominal GAP was: 84 50 50 Obviously this number is wrong. The reason because of which this number is so high s that we did not adjust it for the increase in price. The right way to compare the situations in 2012 and 2013 is to use the same price level to calculate the value of the GAP for the two different years. For example, if we use the base period (I. E. 2012) price, then the real GAP in 2012 would be = $50 and the real GAP in 2013 would be $(5*12) = $60. If we now compute the growth rate, then it comes out to be the correct number: 60 50 Nominal GAP GAP Deflator = Real GAP ___*OHIO Unlike a price index, the GAP deflator is not based on a fixed basket of goods and services. The basket is allowed to change with peoples consumption and investment patterns. Therefore, new expenditure patterns are allowed to show up in the deflator as people respond to changing prices. However, the disadvantage of this approach is that the GAP deflator measures changes in both prices and the composition of the basket, and so should not be used as a measure of pure price changes in the economy. In practice, the difference between the deflator and a price index on the same set of goods and services is relatively small. The GAP and GAP deflator are both calculated by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (SEA). Economic Growth short period of time in which producers can only vary the labor they employ, and not the capital stock. Long run: A longer period of time, in which both labor and capital stock employed in a firm can be changed. The long run trend in the GAP represents economic growth. This trend is positive for most countries, but can be negative (as is the case with some sub-Sahara African countries). The short run fluctuations around the trend represent business cycles. There are often business cycle downturns around a positive trend. If the GAP goes up from one ratter to the next, then we say that we are in the expansionary phase of the business cycle. If the GAP goes down from one quarter to the next, then we say that we are experiencing a contraction. If the GAP goes down for at least two successive quarters, then we say that the economy is in a recession.

Finish part B and C Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Finish part B and C - Essay Example As Ventura capitalists venture into CF ltd, CF ltd needs to function based on equity, and it ought to have a market large enough to validate the millions being invested in the company. Value refers to the combined elements that contribute towards creating the worthiness of a company. The venture capitalist measures the value of CF ltd through identifying certain attributes of the firm such as its assets, shares, liabilities and capital funds. That is an essential tool that aids in identifying the future expectation in company growth. In the proposed investment, Ventura ltd assesses how important and otherwise untapped value creation occurs through the use of anticipated technology and products, and also defining the revenue stream precisely. CF ltd aims at acquiring a new drug line. Most investors know that new drug targets have large barriers to entry due to regulatory processes. As a venture capitalist works on investing their money into the company, first it needs to monitor the company’s trends in the industry and how it conducts itself in terms of adhering to regulations. Knowledge about a crucial investment requires the investor to find established partners who are early adopters in validating a product and endorse it, allowing more sales. At what stage does the firm develop technology? Can the organisation identify and mitigate on its risks? Every business is vulnerable to risk in one way or the other; therefore, the management team needs to formulate strategies that counter the risks, which might damage the firm if it lacks mitigation policies. As CF ltd develops a new drug line, it renders itself to a number of risks; hence, it needs to employ technology that deals with any future uncertainties. As a venture capitalist, one needs to know whether the proposed products stand a chance in the market. As an investor, the competitive edge of a new

High Level business architecture Research Paper

High Level business architecture - Research Paper Example Precisely, high level business needs describe what should be done by a system or any other business solution. For the case of Adopt-A-Farm, it is clear that the company needs to have an online system for collecting their customer and partner views about their experiences in volunteer harvesting and as well list the stories and other help facilities for users of the system. The high level business requirements could therefore be seen as an indication of the reasons as to why a business undertakes an activity (Ross & Robertson, 2006). The requirements are documented as below; The objectives of the high level business requirements for Adopt-A-Farm are to come up with an online system which will increase user participation in the campaign on local farming and purchasing of food products as well as user participation in creation of awareness. It also focuses on having a system for direct user participation in forums and also in commenting about the advantages of local farming. The system should also reach as many people as possible around the globe for the sole reason of creating awareness across nations. The project focuses on listing the stories shared by users about their experiences with consumption of local products in the blog section. From this, users will have a wide variety of content to refer from to gain the taste and to understand the importance of consuming local products and thereafter participating in the campaign with an aim to carb the global warming menace. It also focuses on advising local farmers on the best practices and operations to carry on in their farms which reduce the chances of environmental degradation. Finally, the system will also focus on promoting volunteer harvesting through the creation of a forum for users to comment on their experiences in the exercise. This will be in a bid to encourage people to participate in such exercises whenever they could be having a chance to. Lastly, it is clear that high

Customer Satisfaction Of Airtel & Grameenphone Essay Example for Free

Customer Satisfaction Of Airtel Grameenphone Essay 1. Introduction The introduction of the telecommunication sector has been pretty late in Bangladesh compared to that of the neighboring countries. The mobile telecommunication service has been doubling on an annual basis over the last two or three years. Now-a-days there are six mobile phone operators in the country with Grameen phone, Robi, Teletalk, Banglalink, Airtel and Citycell. They are offering different new package and offers different value added services to satisfy the customers ‘demands. Customer satisfaction is a fundamental marketing construct in the last three decades. In the past, it was unpopular and unaccepted concept because companies thought it was more important to gain new customers than retain the existing ones. However, in this present decade, companies have gained better understanding of the importance of customer satisfaction (especially service producing companies) and adopted it as a high priority operational goal. Customer satisfaction, a term frequently used in marketing, is a measure of how products and services supplied by a company meet or surpass customer expectation. Customer satisfaction is defined as the number of customers, or percentage of total customers, whose reported experience with a firm, its products, or its services (ratings) exceeds specified satisfaction goals. People in Bangladesh are becoming busy day by day and more professional than previous. They need to share more information to each other because demography has changed due to the era of globalization. Mobile phone has introduced a tremendous change in the communication sector in our country. It has changed the communication structure also. People in various occupations and income levels are using mobile phone intensively for their occupational purpose and personal purpose as well. 1.1 Basic information The telecom sector of Bangladesh began its journey with land phone. Then SEBA was the first company to bring cellular telephone services. The telecom sector has completely changed both in terms of coverage and efficiency of services. Cellular telephone services have achieved great commercial success. For most firms, the preeminent goal is to maximize the value of the  firm for its owners or shareholders. Increasing competition (whether for-profit or nonprofit) is forcing businesses to pay much more attention to satisfy customers. The state of satisfaction depends on a number of both psychological and physical variables, which correlate with satisfaction behaviors. For this majority of the firms is trying to be a customer-oriented, customer- focused, or even-customer driven enterprise. Airtel is one of the late movers in telecommunication sector of Bangladesh. And like all other telecom companies, it is trying hard to penetrate the market and get a hold of significant market share t hrough their valued customers. 1.2 Background information Airtel Bangladesh Ltd. is a GSM-based cellular operator in Bangladesh.Airtel is the sixth mobile phone carrier to enter the Bangladesh market, andoriginally launched commercial operations under the brand name WaridTelecom on May 10, 2007. Warid Telecom International LLC, an Abu Dhabi basedconsortium, sold a majority 70% stake in the company to Indias Bharti AirtelLimited for US$300 million. Bharti Airtel Limited took management control of thecompany and its board, and rebranded the companys services under its ownAirtel brand from December 20, 2010. The Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission approved the deal on Jan 4, 2010. Grameenphone widely known as GP, is the leading telecommunications service provider in Bangladesh. With more than 46.04 million subscribers (as of September 2013), Grameenphone is the largest mobile phone operator in the country. It is a joint venture enterprise between Telenor and Grameen Telecom Corporation, a non-profit sister concern of the interna tionally acclaimed microfinance organization and community development bank Grameen Bank. Telenor, the largest telecommunications company in Norway, owns 55.8% shares of Grameenphone, Grameen Telecom owns 34.2% and the remaining 10% is publicly held. Grameenphone was the first company to introduce GSM technology in Bangladesh. It also established the first 24-hour Call Center to support its subscribers. With the slogan Go Beyond, Grameenphone promises its customers to bring the best of communication technologies so that they can Go Beyond. 1.3 Objective of the report The objective of the report is divided into two parts. They are specific and  broad objectives. The specific and broad objective of this report is given below: 1. Broad Objective: The broad objective of this report is to find out the customer satisfaction level of Airtel Grameenphone customers. 2. Specific Objectives: The specific objectives will be To find out specific areas of satisfaction of Airtel Grameenphone users To figure out specific areas of dissatisfaction of Airtel Grameenphone users To know the overall satisfaction level of the customers To figure out possible improvement sectors to reduce dissatisfaction To know the better service provider between this two companies 1.4 Literature Review Airtel is the 6th mobile phone carrier to enter the Bangladesh market and launched commercial operation on May 10, 2007. Indias bharti Airtel limited bought 70% share of Warid telecom international. This is the largest investment in Bangladesh made by an Indian company. Airtel offers both prepaid and postpaid connections with lots of diversified packages to its customers. It also offers massive value added services to its subscribers. Below is a description of timeline of Warid Telecom in Bangladesh, Bharti Airtel and its taking over Warid: In December 2005, Warid Telecom International paid US$ 50 million to obtain a GSM license from the BTRC and became the sixth mobile phone operator in Bangladesh. In a press conference on August 17, 2006, Warid announced that its network would be activated two months ahead of schedule, in October, 2006. Again in October, 2006 Warid Telecom put off the launch of its cell phone services in Bangladesh until April, 2007 after its major supplier Nokia w alked out on an agreement over a payment dispute. Warid had a soft launch at the end of January 2007. It gave away complimentary subscriptions among a selected group of individuals, whose job was to make test calls and the operator adjusted its networks quality based on their comments. On May 9, 2007, Warid in an advertisement in some daily newspaper stated that it would be launching publicly on May 10, 2007. However, no call rate or any package details were revealed. The advertisement included an announcement for the people interested to buy Warid connections to bring the documents like ID card, etc., to the  designated franchise and customer care centers. On October 1, 2007, Warid Telecom expanded its network to five more districts raising total number of districts under Warid coverage to 56, said a press release. Mymensingh, Jamalpur, Sherpur, Rajbari and Narail towns were covered by Warid network. On November 10, 2007, 61 districts under Warid network coverage. On June 10, 2008, Warid Telecom expanded its network to 3 more districts Bandarban, Khagrachhari and Rangamati. Now all 64 districts of Bangladesh are under Warid network coverage meaning Warid Telecom now has nationwide coverage. On December 20, 2010, Warid Telecom was rebranded to Airtel. Bharti Airtel Limited is commonly known as Airtel. It is an Indian telecommunications company that operates in 20 countries across South Asia, Africa and the Channel Islands. It operates a GSM network in all countries, providing 2G, 3G and 4G services depending upon the country of operation. Airtel is the third largest telecom operator in the world with over 243.336 million customers across 20 countries as of March 2012. It is the largest cellular service provider in India, with over 181 million subscribers at the end of March 2012. Airtel is the third largest in-country mobile operator by subscriber base, behind China Mobile and China Unicom. Airtel is the largest provider of mobile telephony and second largest provider of fixed telephony in India, and is also a provider of broadband and subscription television services. It offers its telecom services under the Airtel brand, and is headed by Sunil Bharti Mittal. Bharti Airtel is the first Indian telecom service provider to achieve Cisco Gold Certification. It also acts as a carrier for national and international long distance communication services. The company has a submarine cable landing station at Chennai, which connects the submarine cable connecting Chennai and Singapore. Airtel is known for being the first mobile phone company in the world to outsource all of its business operations except marketing, sales and finance. Its network—base stations, microwave links, etc.—is maintained by Ericsson, Nokia Siemens Network and Huawei, and business support is provided by IBM, and transmission towers are maintained by another company (Bharti Infratel Ltd. in India). Ericsson agreed for the first time to be paid by the minute for installation and maintenance of their equipment rather than being paid up front, which allowed Airtel to provide low call rates. Bharti Airtel began its journey in Bangladesh in December 2010 when it acquired 70 percent stock  of Warid Telecom of Abu Dhabi Group. So, it can be said that Airtel Bangladesh has just completed its maiden year in the country. And within this period of time, the operator has also created a vast job opportunity in diverse segments of the organization and as of August 2013, Airtel Bangladesh has 7.97 million subscribers with 7.3% of market share. Before Grameenphone’s inception, the phone was for a selected urbanized few. The cell phone was a luxury: a flouting accessory for the select elite.The mass could not contemplate mobile telephony as being part of their lives. Grameenphone started its journey with the Village Phone program: a pioneering initiative to empower rural women of Bangl adesh. The name Grameenphone translates to â€Å"Rural phone†. Starting its operations on March 26, 1997, the Independence Day of Bangladesh, Grameenphone has come a long way. Grameenphone pioneered the then breakthrough initiative of mobile to mobile telephony and became the first and only operator to cover 98% of the country’s people with network The idea of providing universal mobile phone access throughout Bangladesh, including its rural areas, was originally conceived by Iqbal Quadir, who is currently the founder and director of the Legatum Center for Development and Entrepreneurship at MIT. He was inspired by the Grameen Bank microcredit model and envisioned a business model where a cell phone can serve as a source of income. After leaving his job as an investment banker in the United States, Quadir traveled back to Bangladesh, after meeting and successfully raising money from New York based investor and philanthropist Joshua Mailman, and worked for three years gaining s upport from various organizations including Nobel Peace Prize laureate Muhammad Yunus of Grameen Bank and the Norwegian telephone company, Telenor. He was finally successful in forming a consortium with Telenor and Grameen Bank to establish Grameenphone. Quadir remained a shareholder of Grameenphone until 2004. Grameenphone received a license for cellular phone operation in Bangladesh from the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications on November 28, 1996. Grameenphone started operations on March 26, 1997, the Independence Day in Bangladesh. Grameenphone originally offered a mobile-to-mobile connectivity (widely known as GP-GP connection), which created a lot of enthusiasm among the users. It became the first operator to reach the million subscriber milestone as well as ten million subscriber milestone in Bangladesh. Since its inception Grameenphone has built the  largest cellular network in the country with over 8500 base stations . Presently, nearly 99 percent of the countrys population is within the coverage area of the Grameenphone network. Grameenphone has always been a pioneer in introducing new products and services in t he local telecom market. GP was the first company to introduce GSM technology in Bangladesh when it launched its services in March 1997. Grameenphone was also the first telecommunication operator in Bangladesh to introduce the pre-paid service in September 1999. It established the first 24-hour Call Center, introduced value-added services such as VMS, SMS, fax and data transmission services, international roaming service, WAP, SMS-based push-pull services, EDGE, personal ring back tone and many other products and services. In October 2013 the company launched 3G services commercially. The entire Grameenphone network is 3G/EDGE/GPRS enabled, allowing access to high-speed Internet and data services from anywhere within the coverage area. There are currently over 7 million 3G/EDGE/GPRS users in the Grameenphone network. Today, Grameenphone is the leading and largest telecommunications service provider in Bangladesh with more than 47.64 million subscribers as of January 2014. Grameenphone has so far invested more than BDT 24,300 crore to build the network infrastructure Grameenphone is one of the largest taxpayers in the country, having contributed more than BDT 35,500 crore in direct and indirect taxes to the Government Exchequer over the years. There are now more than 1600 GP Service Desks across the country covering nearly all upazilas of all districts and 94 Grameenphone Centers in all the divisional cities Grameenphone has about 5000 full and temporary employees. 300,000 people are directly dependent on Grameenphone for their livelihood, working for the Grameenphone dealers, retailers, scratch card outlets, suppliers, vendors, contractors and others. In this report we tried to discuss the comparative analysis of Airtel 7 Grameenphone over the customers. 2. Research Method 2.1 Data sources †¢ There are two types of data sources are used to obtain the required information. 2.1.1 Primary Data †¢ Direct interview though a survey questionnaire 2.1.2 Secondary data †¢ Commercial websites of Airtel Grameenphone †¢ Online articles on telecommunication sector †¢ Previously conducted research papers on different issues of telecommunication Company‟s magazines, brochures, etc. 2.2. Method of collecting data 2.2.1 Selecting Sample The population of this study are customers of Airtel Bangladesh Grameenphone and we took interview 120 person of different age group in our study. We targeted different people from different age group. The target population were divided among following age groups- 18-30 years 60 30-50 years 30 50-70 years 20 70- above years – 10 2.2.2 Procedure of data collection After determining the target population and sampling frame we were looking forward to conduct the survey for collecting the information. As our extent of the target population was preplanned and structured, therefore, we did not have any trouble to collect the information from the fieldwork. Whenever we found a student who was sitting idle or gossiping with their friends we went to them, cordially introduced ourselves and asked them whether they were using airtel or GP. After receiving a positive response, we provided a questionnaire form and asked them to participate in the survey. Fortunately, no one denied participating in the survey because it did not take more than four minutes to finish. Moreover, every respondent was looking enthusiastic in taking part and some of them were very cooperative and supportive. They also assisted us to find out active airtel GP users. By this way, we collected data from 100 respondents. Rest 20 set of questionnaires were given to my friends and th e neighbors who were the Airtel or GP users. 2.2.3 Method of analyzing data After completing the research survey, we started the data preparation for the project. As soon as we received the questionnaires from the field I kept all the information in Microsoft Excel program. Since, this is a descriptive  research and the data analysis should be done quantitatively. For this reason, we used MS Excel software because we have enough insights of using this program. In the beginning portion of the questionnaire, there were some general questions to aware of the some information about the respondents, for instances, gender, age, duration of the network age and some direct question related to their usage pattern. This information is analyzed collectively rather than individually. Here, no statistical tools have been used. The next section of the questionnaire contains 13 statements. Each of the statements has been arranged in such a way which is directly related to the customer satisfaction factors. 2.3 Limitations of the study The survey is subjected to the bias and prejudices of the respondents. Hence 100% accuracy can’t be assured. The researcher was carried out in a short span of time, where in the researcher could not widen the study. The study could not be generalized due to the fact that researcher adapted personal interview method. It is so difficult to survey questionnaire among target samples. 3. Result Discussions: Findings 3.1. Findings on respondents’ analysis The general analysis of the 120 samples is presented in this section. The main objective of the respondents‟ analysis is to get the overview about respondents. Here, respondent‟s gender, age limit, duration of their network, and usage pattern, etc. have been discussed briefly. There is no statistical tool used to analysis the respondent’s overview because this information will not affect directly to the customer satisfaction factors. For collecting data from the field, the research survey has been conducted among 80 male and 40 female users of airtel GP users. Thus, the ratio of male user is 60% and the ratio of female user is 40%. We have conducted the research on 18-30 years 60 30-50 years 30 50-70 years 20 70- above years 10 From this scenario, it can be said that most of the airtel is more polular in  urban areas in young generation. There were also two direct questions asked to the respondents to know the reason of using Airtel and to know which of the value added services are used by the respondents. Research findings show that 40% of the respondents use airtel only for the lower cost. 20% of the respondents use airtel for the highest FnF benefits. 10% of the respondents said they are using airtel for low on-net tariffs. 30% of the respondents use GP for network, voice quality and for the brand image. 3.2 Findings on questionnaire analysis 1. How many sim do you use? Most of the respondents use 1 sim. Rest others use 2 sims for various purposes. 2. Which company’s sim you are using now? Most of the respondents use Airtel. Those who use 2 sims, they have Grameenphone, teletalk, Robi Banglalink sim. 3. What is the reason behind of your choice? Most of the Airtel users use Airtel for the lower call rate. Grameenphone users use it for better network service. 4. Who is following better business strategy? Most of the Airtel users think Airtel is following better business strategy at this moment to attract new young generation. Grameenphone users think GP should obtain more attractive business strategy to retain the existing customers as well as draw interest to new customers. 5. Who provides more facility for their customers? In this question, most of them think Grameenphone is providing more facilities to its customers. With their network, service customer care outlet around the country Grameenphone is far better than Airtel. 6. Who is more responsible for social welfare?  Most of the respondents expressed that being the most popular largest telecom company, Grameenphone is contributing more for social welfare of Bangladesh. 7. Call Rate  Most of the respondents are satisfied with the call rate of Airtel. Few of them think it is moderate. On the other hand, most of the respondents think call rate of Grameenphone is highly expensive. They are dissatisfied with this. 8. Service.  In service issue, most of the respondents feel moderate with the Airtel service but Grameenphone have many satisfied clients in this regard. 9. Network.  In network issue, Airtel has dissatisfied customers. The respondents are not satisfied at all with the striggling network of Airtel. On the other hand Grameenphone is reigning the telecom scenario with their operative network. 10. Bonus Offer.  The respondents are satisfied with the endless bonus offers of Airtel. Most of them are agreed with that. Contrariwise Grameenphone’s bonus offers are not so much satisfactory to its clients. 11. Bundle Offer.  Most of the respondents are satisfied with the bundle offers of Airtel. A small number of them are moderate with that. Inversely the bundle offers of Grameenphone are dissatisfactory to its clients. 12. Which company’s sim you will suggest for using to your friends? 60% of the respondents told that they will suggest Airtel sim to their friends. Rest of them stated that they will recommend Grameenphone to their friends. 3.3 Best According to Customers 3.4 Reasons of the First Choice: Grameenphone 3.5 Reasons of the First Choice: Airtel 3.6 Competitive Advantage of Grameenphone Airtel 3.7 Customers Recommendations In the respondent‟s opinion and suggestion section, 12 respondents did not put any opinion. However, rest 108 of the respondents shared their valuable opinion regarding Airtel Grameenphone services and those are given below accordingly: Most of the respondents suggested Airtel to upgrade its network coverage as soon as possible. The also suggested Grameenphone to reduce the  call rate. Some respondents also suggested to: Stop sending unwanted SMS Reduce VAS tariffs Increase the validity for bonus talk time Offer attractive handset bundle package

Shakespeares Macbeth as Tragic Hero :: Macbeth essays

Macbeth as Tragic Hero of Shakespeare's Macbeth      Ã‚  Ã‚   Is Macbeth the tragic hero of the play "Macbeth?" This question may seem to be redundant; however, not all of Shakespeare's Tragedies are named after their tragic heroes. For example, Julius Caesar is not the tragic hero of "Julius Caesar." A tragic hero must conform to a set of characteristics which evolved all the way from ancient to medieval times. Macbeth conforms to these characteristics and is the tragic hero of "Macbeth."      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The death of an ordinary person in Medieval times was not considered tragic. This idea was based on the notion of "fall". If a peasant died, his death meant very little because he had not far to fall. In other words, a peasant did not have much of a life to lose. However, if a king or noble were to die, his death would be a very long fall, since to the Medieval mind, he had a great deal to lose.   Macbeth is a very important person. He is a cousin to the king of Scotland. He is the highest ranking noble, the thane of Cawdor and Glamis, and a general of the Scottish army. He also becomes the king of Scotland later in the play. Despite his status, he has a character defect.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A tragic hero must have a character flaw.   This character flaw causes him to make an error in judgment, "a mistaken act," which leads to his downfall. Because Macbeth is ambitious, he wants to become king. In order to take over the throne, he kills Duncan, and thus commits his terrible crime, and eventually is punished.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The tragic hero must deserve his fate. He must not simply make a mistake, like stepping off a curb in front of a moving vehicle. He must commit some terrible crime for which he is punished. People of the Elizabethan Period were well aware of the problems created when kings are murdered. The Fifteenth Century was a period of almost constant ruinous civil war in England. The dire consequences of this act are a constant theme in Shakespeare's plays. According to the medieval Theory of Divine Right, God appoints the king, thus Macbeth committed a religious crime when he kills the king.

IBM Corporation: Competing Globally Essay

1.Do you agree with IBM’s employment response to competition from software development contractors in India like Wipro that are expanding into IT consulting services? Why or why not? In order for IBM to continue its growth it will have to expand into areas like India. They need consulting groups who can personalize their product and keep the costs low in markets like Mexico which not only makes their product more readily available and affordable it create a type of familiarity among customers that keeps them buying the same products from the same marketers. 2.Will IBM’s plan to give away some of its IT assets and intellectual property and increase its support of open-source software products like Linux be a successful growth strategy in the â€Å"brutally competitive marketplace† in which it operates? Why or why not? To keep up with the growing demand for new software and product solutions it is imperative that IBM embrace and support open solution software products like Linux. As the saying goes, â€Å"If you can’t beat them, join them.† Linux is growing by leaps and bound and is quickly surpassing the software maker like Microsoft who at this point does not specialize in open source software. If they do not adapt to the new way that software is being used they will be just another software company that has been left behind. 3.Do you agree with IBM researchers’ assumption that IT will remain â€Å"hard to use, expensive, and labor-intensive, and with customers continuing to need help solving business problems† for a long time to come? Should IBM bet its business on that assumption? Defend your answers to both questions. IT will absolutely remain labor intensive hard to use and expensive because technology changes by the nano-second. As soon as one form of technology is mastered it is what I call â€Å"current history† meaning that it may be the technology this is used currently but there is a newer, more efficient, responsive and interactive solution already available.

Gender Roles And Responsibilities Within A Family

Intro: A typical Western family consists of a mother and father, and their dependent children; this is known as the nuclear family. There’s a mix of genders and age generations. Gender is the social construction of how a person should look and act based upon their biological sex. For example a male baby is often dressed in blue, whereas a female baby is often dressed in pink. These gender ideals are not applicable worldwide, as views on gender vary dramatically. As a result, this affects roles and responsibilities within a family, thus shaping individual experiences of family life. Similarly, a person’s age can affect their experiences of family life. Generally, in the UK, younger family members are dependent on older family members to provide for them, to keep them safe, and to socialise them into the norms and values of their residing society. However, this also changes across cultures, for example, the Alaskan natives, the Inupiats, deem children to be more independe nt and self-reliant, and believe that a child chooses when they want to be born. Moreover, those living in extended family households understand the values of their own, and a further two, generations. Therefore it is logical to state that a person’s age, and the ages of those around them, can shape their experiences of family life, both in the UK and cross-culturally. In this essay, we will discover the extent by which gender and age affect family life. Gender: As before mentioned, the nuclear family wasShow MoreRelatedSocial Pressure Demands On The Sexes991 Words   |  4 Pagesand life compass for the entirety of their life. Gender can be defined as the masculine and feminine qualities of an individual. One can identify on this spectrum anywhere from overtly domineering to compassionately submissive. 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